Authors

Huu Tuan Do 1* , Lan Anh Phan Thi 2,3 , Thuy Hanh Pham 1

Affiliations

1 Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam; tuandh@vnu.edu.vn, hanhph.0901@gmail.com

2 VNU Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety Control (KLATEFOS), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam; lananh@vnu.edu.vn

3 Center for Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development (CETASD), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam; lananh@vnu.edu.vn

*Correspondence: tuandh@vnu.edu.vn; Tel.: +84–2438584995

Abstracts

Perfluorooctanoic acid (C7F15COOH, PFOA) is a persisted organic pollutant widely used in industry in recently. It is widespread occurrence in the environment and because of its ability to bioaccumulate. PFOA is reported toxic and carcinogenic to animals such as rats, fishes, monkeys, and even humans. Photodegradation PFOA solution in presence Na2SO4 was studied in this study. PFOA was photodegraded about 93% after 24 h by using a combination of UV 254 nm irradiation and Na2SO4 30 mM, while under only UV irradiation, 43% of PFOA was photodegraded. Na2SO4 30mM was the concentration that photodegradation PFOA reached highest efficiency. The optimal temperature for PFOA degradation is 25oC.

Keywords

Perfluorooctanoic acid; Photodegradation; Treatment; Radical scavenger.

Cite this paper

Tuan, H.D.; Anh, P.T.L.; Hanh, P.T. Degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid in aqueous solution with sulfate radicals generated in the UV/sodium sulfate system. VN J. Hydrometeorol. 2021, 8, 44-49. 

References

1. Key, B.D.; Howell, R.D.; Criddle, C.S. Fluorinated Organics in the Biosphere. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1997, 31(9), 2445–2454.
2. So, M.K.; Taniyasu, S.; Yamashita, N.; Giesy, J. P.; Zheng, J.; Fang, Z.; Im, S. H.; Paul K. S. L. Perfluorinated Compounds in Coastal Waters of Hong Kong, South China, and Korea. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38(15), 4056–4063.
3. Kudo, N.; Kawashima, Y. Toxicity and toxicokinetics of perfluorooctanoic acid in humans and animals. J. Toxicol. Sci. 2003, 28(2), 49–57.
4. EFSA. Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Contaminants in the Food chain on Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and their salts. EFSA J. 2008, 653.
5. USEPA. Revised draft hazard assessment of perfluorooctanoic acid and its salts. http://www.fluoridealert.org/wp–content/pesticides/pfoa.epa.nov.4.2002.pdf, 2002.
6. Kennedy, G.L.Jr.; Butenhoff, J.L.; Olsen, G.W.; O'Connor, J.C.; Seacat, A.M.; Perkins, R.G.; Biegel, L.B.; Murphy, S.R.; Farrar, D.G. The toxicology of perfluorooctanoate. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 2004, 34(4), 351–384.
7. Hori, H.; Hayakawa E.; Einaga, H.; Kutsuna, S.; Koike, K.; Ibusuki, T.; Kiatagawa, H.; Arakawa, R. Decomposition of Environmentally Persistent Perfluorooctanoic Acid in Water by Photochemical Approaches. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38(22), 6118–6124.
8. Hori, H.; Yamamoto, A.; Hayakawa, E.; Taniyasu, S.; Yamashita, N.; Kutsuna, S.; Kiatagawa, H.; Arakawa, R. Efficient Decomposition of Environmentally Persistent Perfluorocarboxylic Acids by Use of Persulfate as a Photochemical Oxidant, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39(7), 2383–2388.
9. Estrellan, C.R.; Salim C.; Hinode, H. Photocatalytic decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid by iron and niobium co–doped titanium dioxide. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010, 179(1),  79–83.
10. Cao, M.H.; Wang, B.B.; Yu, H.S.; Wang, L.L.; Yuan, S.H.; Chen, J. Photochemical decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid in aqueous periodate with VUV and UV light irradiation. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010, 179(1–3), 1143–1146.
11. Panchangam, S.C.; Lin, A.Y.C.; Shaik, K.L.; Lin, C.F. Decomposition of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) by heterogeneous photocatalysis in acidic aqueous medium. Chemosphere 2009, 77(2), 242–248.
12. Hiroshi, M.; Takagi, Y.; Tanaka, M.; Tsuruho, K.; Okitsu, K.; Maeda, Y. Sonochemical Decomposition of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and Perfluorooctanoic Acid. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 3388–3392.
13. Lee, Y.C.; Huang, C.M.J.; Kuo, C.P.J.; Lo, S.L. Efficient sonochemical degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid using periodate. Ultrason Sonochem 2016, 31, 499–505.
14. Sekiguchi, K.; Kudo, T.; Sankoda, K. Combined sonochemical and short–wavelength UV degradation of hydrophobic perfluorinated compounds. Ultrason Sonochem 2017, 39, 87–92.
15. Hu, Y.B.; Lo, S.L.; Li, Y.F.; Lee, Y.C.; Chen, M.J.; Lin, J.C. Autocatalytic degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid in a permanganate–ultrasonic system. Water. Res. 2018, 140, 148–157.
16. Lee, Y.C.; Lo, S.L.; Chiueh, P.T.; Chang, D.G. Efficient decomposition of perfluorocarboxylic acids in aqueous solution using microwave–induced persulfate. Water. Res. 2009, 43(11), 2811–2816.
17. Lee, Y.C.; Lo, S.L.; Chiueh, P.T.; Liou, Y.H.; Chen, M.L. Microwave–hydrothermal decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid in water by iron–activated persulfate oxidation. Water. Res. 2009, 44(3), 886–892.